Preventing Patient Death or Serious Injury Associated With Radiation Exposure From Fluoroscopy and Computed Tomography: Brief Review (NEW) - Making Health Care Safer II - NCBI Bookshelf

Effects associated with radiation can be categorized as either deterministic or stochastic. Deterministic effects manifest themselves in a relatively short time after a high-intensity exposure to radiation (e.g., 1 or more sieverts). In 1994, approximately 50 radiation-induced burns were reported to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). In 2000, a review of 73 reports of radiation-induced skin injuries identified fluoroscopically-guided procedures as the cause of 38 severe skin injuries (e.g., chronic ulceration); 18 requiring skin grafts. Radiation-induced burns have also been reported after extended radiation exposure during CT brain perfusion scans.